Anarkali maqbarasi

Anarkali qabri (urdu: مقبره انارکلی) – Pokistonning Panjob provinsiyasi poytaxti Lahor shahrida qurilgan 16-asrga oid sakkiz burchakli Boburiy yodgorligi.

Joylashuvi

Anarkali qabri Lahorning Panjob fuqarolik kotibiyati majmuasi hududida, Devorli Lahor shahridan janubi-gʻarbda, Britaniya davridagi savdo markazi yaqinida joylashgan. Bu haligacha mavjud boʻlgan eng qadimgi Boburiy-Temuriy va ilk Boburiy-Temuriy davrining eng muhim binolaridan biri hisoblanadi. Bino hozirda Panjob arxivi sifatida foydalaniladi va jamoatchilikka kirish taqiqlangan.

Tarixi

Allohning 99 ismi yozilgan Anarkali qabri

Qabrning qurilishi 1599 yoki 1615-yillarda amalga oshirilgan^[1].

Sikx imperiyasi davrida qabr Xarak Singx tomonidan vayron qilingan^[2] va keyinchalik Ranjit Singx armiyasida ishlagan general Jan-Batist Venturaning rafiqasi uchun qarorgohga aylantirilgan vaqtda yana bir marotaba tahqirlangan. Keyinchalik qabr Britaniya Raji davrida – 1851-yilda Saint James cherkoviga aylantirilishidan avval 1847-yilda ruhoniy idorasiga aylantirilgan va keyinchalik Lahorning „Protestant sobori“ sifatida faoliyat olib borgan^[3].

Arxitekturasi

Anarkali qabri

Strukturaning poydevori sakkizburchak shaklida boʻlib, har bir tomonida 44 fut va 30 fut uzunlikdagi minoralar mavjud. Inshootning tepasida ham qoʻshaloq gumbaz joylashgan boʻlib, u Boburiylar davriga xos boʻlgan gumbaz namunalaridan biridir. Gumbaz har biri 12 fut-u 3 dyuymli 8 ta kamarga tayanadi.

Binoning yon tomonlaridagi katta arklar bir vaqtlar odatiy Boburiy uslubida ochilgan, ammo inglizlar tomonidan toʻsib qoʻyilgan.

Bugungi kunda bino oqlangan. Xabarlarga koʻra, bir vaqtlar u bogʻ bilan oʻralgan^[4]. Binodan hozirda Panjob arxivi sifatida foydalanilmoqda, shuning uchun ham keng jamoatchilikka kirish taqiqlangan.

Kenotaf

Kenotaf oq marmardan oʻyib qilingan.

Oq marmardan yasalgan kenotafda Allohning 99 ta ismi yozilgan oʻymakorlik tasvirlari mavjud boʻlib, uni 19-asr tarixchilari „dunyodagi eng yaxshi oʻymakorlik buyumlaridan biri“ deb taʼriflashgan^[5].

Anarkali maqbarasidagi yozuv

Muhofazaga olinishi

Qabr Panjob Arxeologiya Departamentining „Qoʻriqlanadigan meros yodgorliklari roʻyxati“ga kiritilgan^[6].

Manbalar

↑ "Anarkali’s Tomb". Lahore Sites. Retrieved 23 August 2016.[dead link]
↑ "Legend: Anarkali: myth, mystery and history". Dawn. 11 February 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
↑ Glover, William (January 2007). Making Lahore Modern, Constructing and Imagining a Colonial City. Univ Of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0816650224. What is more striking than the fact that the Punjab’s new rulers (cost-effectively) appropriated the symbolically charged buildings of their predecessors is how long some of those appropriations lasted. The conversion of the Mughal-era tomb of Sharif un-Nissa, a noblewoman during Shah Jahanʼs reign, popularly known as Anarkali, was one such case (Figure 1.2). This Muslim tomb was first used as offices and residences for the clerical staff of Punjab’s governing board. In 1851, however, the tomb was converted into the Anglican church
↑ „Anarkali's Tomb“. Asian Historical Architecture. Qaraldi: 2016-yil 24-avgust.
↑ Eastwick, Edward Backhouse. Handbook of the Punjab, Western Rajputana, Kashmir, and Upper Sindh. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1883.
↑ Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency. „Guidelines for Critical and Sensitive Areas“ 12, 47, 48. Government of Pakistan. 2013-yil 14-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 6-iyun.

[1] "Anarkali’s Tomb". Lahore Sites. Retrieved 23 August 2016.[dead link]

[2] "Legend: Anarkali: myth, mystery and history". Dawn. 11 February 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2016.

[3] Glover, William (January 2007). Making Lahore Modern, Constructing and Imagining a Colonial City. Univ Of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0816650224. What is more striking than the fact that the Punjab’s new rulers (cost-effectively) appropriated the symbolically charged buildings of their predecessors is how long some of those appropriations lasted. The conversion of the Mughal-era tomb of Sharif un-Nissa, a noblewoman during Shah Jahanʼs reign, popularly known as Anarkali, was one such case (Figure 1.2). This Muslim tomb was first used as offices and residences for the clerical staff of Punjab’s governing board. In 1851, however, the tomb was converted into the Anglican church

[tomb-4] „Anarkali's Tomb“. Asian Historical Architecture. Qaraldi: 2016-yil 24-avgust.

[5] Eastwick, Edward Backhouse. Handbook of the Punjab, Western Rajputana, Kashmir, and Upper Sindh. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1883.

[6] Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency. „Guidelines for Critical and Sensitive Areas“ 12, 47, 48. Government of Pakistan. 2013-yil 14-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 6-iyun.

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