Ibrohim ibn Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy

Ibrohim ibn Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy
Ibrohim ibn Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy
	arabcha: إبراهيم بن هشام بن إسماعيل المخزومي
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlar
Dini	Islom
Ota-onasi	Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy (otasi);
Tanilgan sohasi	VIII Damashq xalifaligi amaldori

Ibrohim ibn Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy (arabcha: إبراهيم بن هشام بن إسماعيل المخزومي) – VIII asr Damashq xalifaligining amaldori boʻlib, Hishom ibn Abdulalik hukmronligi davrida Madina, Makka va Toif hokimi boʻlib xizmat qilgan. Ibrohim va uning ukasi Muhammad 743-yilda Uchinchi Islom fuqarolar urushigacha boʻlgan davrda qiynoqqa solinib, azoblangan.

Faoliyati

Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiyning oʻgʻillari Ibrohim va Muhammad xalifa Hishom ibn Abdulmalikning (hukmronligi: 724–743) amakilari boʻlib, xalifa oʻz hukmronligining koʻp davrida Hijoz hokimi sifatida ularga tayangan^[1]. Tarixiy manbalarda bu ikki aka-uka haqida maʼlumot berishda tez-tez chalkashliklarga yoʻl qoʻyiladi^[2]. Ibrohim 724-yilda Madina, Makka va Toif viloyatlariga hokim etib tayinlangan va 732-yilda lavozimidan ozod etilgan^[3], biroq xalifaning topshirigʻi bilan 724, 726–731 va katta ehtimol bilan 732-yilda ham haj ziyoratlarini nazorat qilish topshirigʻi berilgan^[4]. Uning hukmronligi davrida Madina qoziligiga Muhammad ibn Safvon al-Jumahiy va as-Salt ibn Zubayd al-Kindiy tayinlangan^[5].

Hishom hukmronligining soʻnggi yillarida Ibrohim va Muhammad xalifaning merosxoʻr ogʻli al-Volid ibn Yazidni uning oʻz oʻgʻli Maslama bilan almashtirish boʻyicha muvaffaqiyatsiz rejasi tarafdorlari boʻlgan, biroq 743-yilda Hishom vafoti sababli ularning siyosiy taʼsiriga ham putur yetgan. Valid xalifalikka kirishi bilan ikki aka-ukani Madinaning yangi hokimi Yusuf ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf at-Saqafiyga topshiradi, yangi hokim esa ularni shahar aholisi oldida qamchilattiradi. Koʻp oʻtmay, xalifa Valid Yusufga Ibrohim va Muhammadni Iroqdagi Yusuf ibn Umar at-Saqafiyga topshirishni buyurgan, u yerda aka-ukalar Xolid ibn Abdulloh al-Qasriy bilan birga qiynoqqa solingan^[6]. Ibrohim va Muhammadning yomon muomalasi xalifa Valid bilan oʻrtalarida dushmanlikning kuchayishiga sabab boʻlgan, bu esa xalifaning hokimiyat tepasidan qulashi va oʻlimida, shuningdek, keyingi yili sodir boʻlgan fuqarolar urushining boshlanishida muhim rol oʻynagan^[7].

Manbalar

↑ Hinds 1991, s. 139; McMillan 2011, ss. 140–41.
↑ Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 357 states that Muhammad ibn Hisham was the governor of Mecca, Medina and al-Taʼif from 724 to 732 instead of Ibrahim, while Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 26: p. 8 and Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 397 claim that Ibrahim was governor in 739 and 743 respectively instead of Muhammad.
↑ Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 25: pp. 8, 23, 28, 32, 44, 63, 68, 94, 96, 97-98; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 361; McMillan 2011, s. 139. According to al-Tabari, op. cit., p. 29, Ibrahim also went campaigning on the Byzantine frontier in 726.
↑ Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 25: pp. 3-4, 28, 32, 44, 63, 68, 94, 96; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 394; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, ss. 337–41, 343, 360; Al-Mas'udi 1877, s. 61; McMillan 2011, s. 139.
↑ Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 26: p. 9; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 361; Waki' n.d., ss. 168–69; Judd 2014, s. 156.
↑ Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 26: pp. 89, 119, 177; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, ss. 397, 400; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 362; Hinds 1991, s. 139; McMillan 2011, ss. 147–48.
↑ McMillan 2011.

Adabiyotlar

Judd, Steven C.. Religious Scholars and the Umayyads: Piety-minded supporters of the Marwanid caliphate. Oxford and New York: Routledge, 2014. ISBN 978-0-415-84497-0.
Khalifah ibn Khayyat. Tarikh Khalifah ibn Khayyat, 3rd ed (ar) al-'Umari: . Al-Riyadh: Dar Taybah, 1985.
Al-Mas'udi, Ali ibn al-Husain. Les Prairies D'Or, Tome Neuvième, Ed. and Trans. Charles Barbier de Meynard and Abel Pavet de Courteille (fr), Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1877.
McMillan, M.E.. The Meaning of Mecca: The Politics of Pilgrimage in Early Islam. London: Saqi, 2011. ISBN 978-0-86356-437-6.
Waki', Muhammad ibn Khalaf ibn Hayyan. Akhbar al-Qudat (ar). Beirut: 'Alam al-Kutub, n.d.. OCLC 957287781.
Al-Ya'qubi, Ahmad ibn Abu Ya'qub. Historiae, Vol. 2 (ar) Houtsma: . Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1883.
The History of al-Ṭabarī (40 vols), SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies.. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1985–2007. ISBN 978-0-7914-7249-1.

Oldingisi Abdulvohid ibn Abdulloh al-Nasriy	Madina hokimi 724–732	Keyingisi Xolid ibn Abdulmalik ibn al-Horis ibn al-Hakam
Oldingisi Abdulvohid ibn Abdulloh al-Nasriy	Makka hokimi 724–731 yoki 732	Keyingisi Muhammad ibn Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy

[1] Hinds 1991, s. 139; McMillan 2011, ss. 140–41.

[2] Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 357 states that Muhammad ibn Hisham was the governor of Mecca, Medina and al-Taʼif from 724 to 732 instead of Ibrahim, while Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 26: p. 8 and Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 397 claim that Ibrahim was governor in 739 and 743 respectively instead of Muhammad.

[3] Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 25: pp. 8, 23, 28, 32, 44, 63, 68, 94, 96, 97-98; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 361; McMillan 2011, s. 139. According to al-Tabari, op. cit., p. 29, Ibrahim also went campaigning on the Byzantine frontier in 726.

[4] Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 25: pp. 3-4, 28, 32, 44, 63, 68, 94, 96; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, s. 394; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, ss. 337–41, 343, 360; Al-Mas'udi 1877, s. 61; McMillan 2011, s. 139.

[5] Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 26: p. 9; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 361; Waki' n.d., ss. 168–69; Judd 2014, s. 156.

[6] Yarshater 1985–2007, v. 26: pp. 89, 119, 177; Al-Ya'qubi 1883, ss. 397, 400; Khalifah ibn Khayyat 1985, s. 362; Hinds 1991, s. 139; McMillan 2011, ss. 147–48.

[FOOTNOTEMcMillan2011-7] McMillan 2011.

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Ibrohim ibn Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy
arabcha: إبراهيم بن هشام بن إسماعيل المخزومي
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlar
Dini	Islom
Ota-onasi	Hishom ibn Ismoil al-Maxzumiy (otasi)
Tanilgan sohasi	VIII Damashq xalifaligi amaldori