Quyida Mamluk sultonlari roʻyxati keltirilgan.

Mamluklar sultonligiga 1250-yilda Ayyubiylar sultoni Solih Ayyubning mamluklari asos solgan. U Ayyubiylar davlatining oʻrnini egallagan. Shu bilan birga u Qohirada joylashgan boʻlib, oʻzining koʻp tarixi davomida sultonlik hududlari Misr, Suriya va Kichik Osiyoning bir qismi, Yuqori Mesopotamiya va Hijozni qamrab oladi. Sultonlik 1517-yilda Usmonli imperiyasining hokimyatga kelishi bilan tugagan.

Sulton an-Nosir Muhammad uch marta hukmronlik qilgan.

Sultonlar an-Nosir Hasan, Salohad-Din Hoji, Barquq va an-Nosir Faraj ikki marta hukmronlik qilgan boʻlsa-da, jami 47 ta sulton boʻlgan. Mamluklar davri, odatda, ikki davrga boʻlingan. Bular Bahri va Burji davrlari. Bahri sultonlari asosan turkiy boʻlgan , Burji sultonlari esa asosan etnik cherkeslar boʻlgan.

Mamluklarning dastlabki uch sultoni Aybak va uning oʻgʻli al-Mansur Ali va Qutuz, odatda, Bahriylar sulolasining bir qismi hisoblansa-da, ular Bahriy mamluklar polki tarkibiga kirmagan. Ular Bahriylarning siyosiy manfaatlariga qarshi chiqqanlar. [1]

Bahriylar safidan chiqqan 1-sulton Baybars edi. [1]

Burji mamluklari 1382-yilda Sulton Barquqning taxtga kelishi bilan taxtni egallab olishadi. 34-sulton al-Mustaʼin Billoh ham Mamluk Abbosiy xalifasi boʻlib, hokimiyat tepasiga Burji amirlari tomonidan siymo sifatida oʻrnatilgan. [2]

Sultonlar roʻyxati

tahrir

Manbalar

tahrir
  1. 1,0 1,1 Northrup 1998, pp. 69–70.
  2. 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 2,13 2,14 2,15 2,16 2,17 2,18 2,19 2,20 2,21 2,22 2,23 2,24 2,25 2,26 2,27 2,28 2,29 2,30 2,31 2,32 2,33 2,34 2,35 2,36 2,37 2,38 2,39 2,40 2,41 2,42 2,43 2,44 2,45 2,46 2,47 2,48 2,49 2,50 2,51 2,52 2,53 2,54 2,55 2,56 2,57 2,58 2,59 2,60 2,61 2,62 2,63 2,64 2,65 2,66 2,67 2,68 2,69 2,70 2,71 2,72 2,73 2,74 2,75 2,76 2,77 2,78 2,79 2,80 2,81 2,82 2,83 2,84   Griffith, Francis Llewellyn; and several more (1911) "Egypt/3 History" in Chisholm, Hugh Encyclopædia Britannica 09 (11chi nashri) Cambridge University Press 80–130; see pages 100 to 103 b "Kalā’ūn....Malik al-Nāṣir....Mongol Wars....Decline of the Bahri power....Timur in Syria....Wars with European Powers....Early relations with Turkey....The Turkish conquest"  Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Britannica101-103" defined multiple times with different content
  3. 3,0 3,1 Northrup 1998, p. 69.
  4. Northrup 1998, p. 70.
  5. 5,00 5,01 5,02 5,03 5,04 5,05 5,06 5,07 5,08 5,09 5,10 5,11 5,12 5,13 5,14 5,15 5,16 5,17 5,18 5,19 5,20 5,21 5,22 5,23 5,24 5,25 5,26 Stewart, John. African States and Rulers. McFarland & Company, 2006 — 86-bet. ISBN 9780786425624. 
  6. 6,0 6,1 Hathaway, Jane. Tale of Two Factions, A: Myth, Memory, and Identity in Ottoman Egypt and Yemen. State University of New York Press, 2003 — 50–52-bet. ISBN 9780791486108. 
  7. 7,0 7,1 Northrup, ed. Petry 1998, p. 250.
  8. Northrup 1998, p. 71.
  9. Thorau, Peter. The Lion of Egypt: Sultan Baybars I and the Near East in the Thirteenth Century. Longman, 1992 — 261-bet. ISBN 9780582068230. 
  10. Holt 2004, p. 99.
  11. 11,0 11,1 11,2 11,3 11,4 Yosef 2012b.
  12. 12,0 12,1 12,2 Northrup, ed. Petry 1998, p. 252.
  13. Tarikh, Volumes 5-6: Peoples and Kingdoms of West Africa in the Pre-Colonial Period. Longman, 1974 — 9-bet. ISBN 9780582608733. 
  14. 14,0 14,1 14,2 Drory 2006, p. 20.
  15. 15,0 15,1 15,2 15,3 15,4 15,5 15,6 Bauden 2009, p. 63.
  16. Levanoni 1995, p. 102.
  17. 17,0 17,1 17,2 Drory 2006, p. 24.
  18. Drory 2006, p. 28.
  19. Holt, eds. Vermeulen and De Smet, p. 319.
  20. Al-Harithy, Howayda „Female Patronage of Mamluk Architecture in Cairo“, . Beyond The Exotic: Women's Histories In Islamic Societies Sonbol: . Syracuse University Press, 2005 — 332-bet. ISBN 9780815630555. 
  21. 21,0 21,1 21,2 21,3 21,4 21,5 Garcin, ed. Petry 1998, p. 293.
  22. Natho, Kadir I. (2010). Circassian History. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 978-1441523884
  23. Levanoni, eds. Winter and Levanoni 2004, p. 82.
  24. Ali, Abdul. Islamic Dynasties of the Arab East: State and Civilization During the Later Medieval Times. M.D. Publications Private Limited, 1996 — 64-bet. ISBN 9788175330085. 
  25. Garcin, ed. Petry 1998, p. 295.
  26. Dobrowolski, Jarosław. The Living Stones of Cairo. American University in Cairo Press, 2001 — 60-bet. ISBN 9789774246326. 
  27. Mayer, L. A.. Saracenic Heraldry: A Survey. Clarendon Press, 1933 — 127-bet. 
  28. Garcin, ed. Petry 1998, p. 297.
  29. 29,0 29,1 Petry 1994, p. 20.