Menspleyning

Menspleyning – bu ayollarga erkaklar tomonidan biron bir narsa yoki hodisani haddan tashqari soddalashtirilgan va kamsituvchi uslubda sharhlab berish yoki tushuntirish degan maʼnoni anglatuvchi atama^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4].

Oʻzining dastlabki qoʻllanishida menspleyning erkaklarning ayollarga nisbatan qiladigan kamsituvchi harakatlaridan farq qilar edi, chunki bu tushuncha erkak ayoldan koʻra koʻproq bilimli boʻladi degan tushunchaga asoslangan^[5]. Biroq, u keyinchalik kengroq qoʻllanila boshladi. Bu atama biror kishi boshqa biron kishiga yoshi va jinsidan qatʼiy nazar, nimanidir tushuntirishda kamsituvchi ohangni ishlatganda qoʻllanadi: „menspleyning“ har qanday kishiga nisbatan, jinsidan qatʼiy nazar ishlatilishi mumkin^[6].

2013-yilda Dictionary.com oʻz lugʻatiga mansplain va -splain soʻzlarini qoʻshayotganini eʼlon qildi^[7]. Uning eʼlonida shunday deyilgan: „bu atamaning “splaining" qismi 2013-yilda birlashtiruvchi shakl (yoki oʻzak) sifatida juda ajoyib ekanligi isbotlandi.“ Ushbu qism Mansplaining, womansplaining, whitesplaining, rightsplaining^[8], goysplaining^[9] va Damonsplaining kabi parallel konstruktsiyalarning yaratilishiga sabab boʻlgan^[10]^[11].

Bu soʻz ommalashib borgani sari bir qancha tadqiqotchilar har xil insonlarning turlicha oʻzlashtirishi soʻzning asl maʼnosini yoʻqotishiga sabab boʻlayotganidan shikoyat qilishgan^[12]. Joshua Sealy-Harrington va Tom McLaughlin The Globe and Mail gazetasida bu atama munozaralarni toʻxtatish uchun ad hominem (falsafiy argument) sifatida ishlatilayotganligini yozgan^[13].

Manbalar

↑ „mansplain“. Dictionary.com. — „[T]o explain something to a woman in a condescending, overconfident, and often inaccurate or oversimplified manner, typically to a woman already knowledgeable about the topic[.]“.
↑ „History of Mansplaining“. Merriam-Webster.com. — „It's what occurs when a man talks condescendingly to someone (especially a woman) about something he has incomplete knowledge of, with the mistaken assumption that he knows more about it than the person he's talking to does.“.
↑ Steinmetz, Katy (18 November 2014). „Clickbait, Normcore, Mansplain: Runners-Up for Oxford's Word of the Year“. Time. Qaraldi: 24 November 2014. „[T]o explain something to someone, typically a man to woman, in a manner regarded as condescending or patronizing.“
↑ Zimmer. „Tag, You're It! "Hashtag" Wins as 2012 Word of the Year“. Visual Thesaurus (2013-yil 5-yanvar). — „[W]hat happens when a man condescendingly explains something to female listeners[.]“. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 30-oktyabr.
↑ Jaschik, Scott. „Calling Out Academic 'Mansplaining'“. Inside Higher Ed (2012-yil 16-oktyabr). „[S]ome men explain things to women with condescension, frequently ignoring the reality that the women may already understand whatever is being explained (in many cases, better than do the men).“.
↑ „History of Mansplaining“. Merriam-Webster.com. — „It's what occurs when a man talks condescendingly to someone (especially a woman) about something he has incomplete knowledge of, with the mistaken assumption that he knows more about it than the person he's talking to does.“.
↑ Solomon. „Word Watch 2013: -splain“. Dictionary.com (2013-yil 6-dekabr). — „The possibilities are seeming endless on the -splain front. This gives Dictionary.com reason to believe that -splain is not just a temporary fad, but rather a stable new addition to English along with its libfix cousins like -gate, -pocalypse, and -zilla.“. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 24-noyabr.
↑ Zimmer, Benjamin; Carson, Charles C. (2013). "Among The New Words". American Speech 88 (2): 196–214. doi:10.1215/00031283-2346771. http://americanspeech.dukejournals.org/content/87/2/190.full.pdf+html.
↑ Marcus, Marcus (March 30, 2015). "The Art of Goysplaining". The Forward. https://forward.com/life/217607/the-art-of-goysplaining/. "Goysplaining is an outgrowth of people thinking that they know a lot about Judaism. […] The people who goysplain think that because they went to the trouble of reading an article, watching a documentary, or Googling something, they now understand an entire faith and should be congratulated for it."
↑ „'Damonsplaining': Matt Damon accused of insensitivity“. BBC News (2015-yil 16-sentyabr). — „One user defined the term as '#Damonsplaining – over talking and/or shouting down a person of colour to explain something about their own race or culture'.“.
↑ Moyer, Justin Wm.. „Matt Damon has more 'Damonsplaining' to do — this time about alleged anti-gay comments“. The Washington Post (2015-yil 29-sentyabr). „Damon later walked back what was sarcastically hash-tagged 'Damonsplaining,' saying he believes 'deeply that there need to be more diverse filmmakers making movies.'“.
↑ Hart, Benjamin. „RIP "mansplaining": How the Internet killed one of our most useful words“. Salon (2014-yil 20-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2014-yil 30-oktyabr. „But along the way, mansplaining has morphed from a useful descriptor of a real problem in contemporary gender dynamics to an increasingly vague catchall expression that seems to be inflaming the Internet gender wars more than clarifying them.“.
↑ McLaughlin, Tom; Sealy-Harrington, Joshua. „Arguments should not be silenced because of their author's race or sex“. The Globe and Mail (2014-yil 15-aprel). „The use of terms such as 'mansplaining' (and its racial counterpart, 'whitesplaining') can cause disengagement. […] Without such engagement, these terms become unconstructive ad hominem attacks that sidestep meaningful debate when an opponent conveniently possesses privilege.“.

[mw-1] „mansplain“. Dictionary.com. — „[T]o explain something to a woman in a condescending, overconfident, and often inaccurate or oversimplified manner, typically to a woman already knowledgeable about the topic[.]“.

[mw2-2] „History of Mansplaining“. Merriam-Webster.com. — „It's what occurs when a man talks condescendingly to someone (especially a woman) about something he has incomplete knowledge of, with the mistaken assumption that he knows more about it than the person he's talking to does.“.

[time-3] Steinmetz, Katy (18 November 2014). „Clickbait, Normcore, Mansplain: Runners-Up for Oxford's Word of the Year“. Time. Qaraldi: 24 November 2014. „[T]o explain something to someone, typically a man to woman, in a manner regarded as condescending or patronizing.“

[VT-4] Zimmer. „Tag, You're It! "Hashtag" Wins as 2012 Word of the Year“. Visual Thesaurus (2013-yil 5-yanvar). — „[W]hat happens when a man condescendingly explains something to female listeners[.]“. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 30-oktyabr.

[inside-5] Jaschik, Scott. „Calling Out Academic 'Mansplaining'“. Inside Higher Ed (2012-yil 16-oktyabr). „[S]ome men explain things to women with condescension, frequently ignoring the reality that the women may already understand whatever is being explained (in many cases, better than do the men).“.

[mw22-6] „History of Mansplaining“. Merriam-Webster.com. — „It's what occurs when a man talks condescendingly to someone (especially a woman) about something he has incomplete knowledge of, with the mistaken assumption that he knows more about it than the person he's talking to does.“.

[dictionary.com-7] Solomon. „Word Watch 2013: -splain“. Dictionary.com (2013-yil 6-dekabr). — „The possibilities are seeming endless on the -splain front. This gives Dictionary.com reason to believe that -splain is not just a temporary fad, but rather a stable new addition to English along with its libfix cousins like -gate, -pocalypse, and -zilla.“. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 24-noyabr.

[american_speech-8] Zimmer, Benjamin; Carson, Charles C. (2013). "Among The New Words". American Speech 88 (2): 196–214. doi:10.1215/00031283-2346771. http://americanspeech.dukejournals.org/content/87/2/190.full.pdf+html.

[The-Art-of-Goysplaining-9] Marcus, Marcus (March 30, 2015). "The Art of Goysplaining". The Forward. https://forward.com/life/217607/the-art-of-goysplaining/. "Goysplaining is an outgrowth of people thinking that they know a lot about Judaism. […] The people who goysplain think that because they went to the trouble of reading an article, watching a documentary, or Googling something, they now understand an entire faith and should be congratulated for it."

[Damon-BBC-10] „'Damonsplaining': Matt Damon accused of insensitivity“. BBC News (2015-yil 16-sentyabr). — „One user defined the term as '#Damonsplaining – over talking and/or shouting down a person of colour to explain something about their own race or culture'.“.

[Damon-Washingtonpost-11] Moyer, Justin Wm.. „Matt Damon has more 'Damonsplaining' to do — this time about alleged anti-gay comments“. The Washington Post (2015-yil 29-sentyabr). „Damon later walked back what was sarcastically hash-tagged 'Damonsplaining,' saying he believes 'deeply that there need to be more diverse filmmakers making movies.'“.

[Salon-12] Hart, Benjamin. „RIP "mansplaining": How the Internet killed one of our most useful words“. Salon (2014-yil 20-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2014-yil 30-oktyabr. „But along the way, mansplaining has morphed from a useful descriptor of a real problem in contemporary gender dynamics to an increasingly vague catchall expression that seems to be inflaming the Internet gender wars more than clarifying them.“.

[globe-13] McLaughlin, Tom; Sealy-Harrington, Joshua. „Arguments should not be silenced because of their author's race or sex“. The Globe and Mail (2014-yil 15-aprel). „The use of terms such as 'mansplaining' (and its racial counterpart, 'whitesplaining') can cause disengagement. […] Without such engagement, these terms become unconstructive ad hominem attacks that sidestep meaningful debate when an opponent conveniently possesses privilege.“.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]