Shamollash

Shamollash – organizm sovqotishi oqibatida kelib chiqadigan oʻtkir respirator kasalliklarning umumiy nomi. Havo haroratining pasayishi, namligining ortishi va boshqa omillar shamollashga sabab boʻlishi mumkin. Shamollash kishining kuch-quvvatini va organizmning mikroblarga qarshi kurashish qobiliyatini susaytiradi. Shamollash deganda koʻpincha nafas yoʻli kasalliklari: tumov, katar, bronxit, zotiljam, gripp va boshqalar tushuniladi. Shamollagan kishining eti uvishadi yoki sovqotadi, aksiradi, burni achishib suv keladi, isitmasi chiqadi, boshi ogʻrib, lohas boʻladi, darmoni quriydi.

Biror aʼzo shamollaganda koʻpincha uning nerv tomirlari va muskullari yalligʻlanib ogʻriydi, masalan, radikulit, ishias, mialgiya, nevralgiya, yuz nervi falaji va hokazo. Shamollash organizm sezuvchanligining ortishi bilan kechadigan (allergik) kasalliklar, masalan, boʻgʻim revmatizmi, ayrim surunkali xastaliklarga, masalan, surunkali nefrit va boshqalar zoʻriqishiga sabab boʻladi.

Alomatlari

Shamollash odatiy belgilar kabi, burun oqishi, tomoq ogʻrishi va qoʻl ogʻriqlari kiradi, baʼzan Mushaklar ogʻrigʻi, charchash, bosh ogʻri va ochkoʻzlik kabi alomatlar yuzaga^[1]. Gʻarq ogʻriqlari holatlarning taxminan 40-50% ga teng^[2] va mushaklar ogʻriq ham taxminan 50%ga teng^[3]. Kattalarda issiqlik odatda mavjud emas, lekin chaqaloqlar va kichik bolalar uchun keng tarqalgan. Kasal odatda kuzatuvchi gripp bilan taqqoslaganda yengil boʻladi. Hosil va issiqlik kattalarda grippning yuzaga kelishi ehtimoli yuqoriligini koʻrsatsa-da, ushbu ikki holat oʻrtasida katta oʻxshashlik mavjud^[4]. Oʻrtacha sovuqni keltirib chiqaradigan bir qator viruslar ham asimptomatik infeksiyalarga olib kelishi mumkin^[5]^[6].

Sabablari

Oʻtmishda boʻlgan sovuq – bu yuqori nafas olish yoʻllari yuqumli kasalligi boʻlib, uning sababchisi turli viruslar boʻlishi mumkin. Eng keng tarqalgan holat – bu rinovirus (30-80%), 99 ta serotiplar ega pikornavirus turi^[7]. Boshqa keng tarqalgan viruslar: adenoviruslar, enteroviruslar, parainfluenza va RSV^[8]. Koʻpincha birdan ortiq virus mavjud^[9]. Jami 200 dan ortiq virus turlari sovuq bilan bogʻliq^[10]. Baʼzi umumiy sovuqlarning virus sababi (20-30%) nomaʼlum^[8].

Epidemiologiyasi

Oʻrtacha sovuq odamlarning eng keng tarqalgan kasallik boʻlib^[11] va butun dunyodagi odamlarga taʼsir qiladi^[12]. Katta yoshdagi insonlar odatda yiliga ikki-uchta shamollashi mumkum^[13], bolalar yiliga olti-oʻn marta shamollashi (maktabdagi bolalar uchun yiliga oʻn ikki marta shamollashi) mumkin^[14], Immunitetning pasayishi tufayli keksalarda simptomatik infektsiyalar koʻpayadi^[15].

Ushbu maqolada Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi (2000-2005) maʼlumotlaridan foydalanilgan.

Tibbiyotga oid ushbu maqola chaladir. Siz uni boyitib, Vikipediyaga yordam berishingiz mumkin.

↑ Eccles p. 24
↑ "Common cold". BMJ Clinical Evidence 2011 (3): 1510. March 2011. PMID 21406124. PMC 3275147. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3275147. "Common colds are defined as upper respiratory tract infections that affect the predominantly nasal part of the respiratory mucosa"
↑ "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases 5 (11): 718–25. November 2005. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889. PMC 7185637. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7185637.
↑ Eccles p. 26
↑ Eccles p. 129
↑ Eccles p. 50
↑ "Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution". Science 324 (5923): 55–9. April 2009. doi:10.1126/science.1165557. PMID 19213880. PMC 3923423. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3923423.
↑ ^8,0 ^8,1 „Common Cold: Cause“, Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2nd, Springer, 2020 — 504-bet. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_795. ISBN 978-3-030-39901-6.
↑ Eccles p. 107
↑ "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases 5 (11): 718–25. November 2005. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889. PMC 7185637. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7185637.
↑ Eccles p. 1
↑ „Rhinoviruses“, Principles and Practice of Clinical Virology, 6th, John Wiley & Sons, 2009 — 496-bet. ISBN 978-0-470-74139-9.
↑ "Common cold". BMJ Clinical Evidence 2011 (3): 1510. March 2011. PMID 21406124. PMC 3275147. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3275147. "Common colds are defined as upper respiratory tract infections that affect the predominantly nasal part of the respiratory mucosa"
↑ "Treatment of the common cold". American Family Physician 75 (4): 515–20. February 2007. PMID 17323712. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070926230125/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20070215/515.html.
↑ Eccles p. 78

[E24-1] Eccles p. 24

[CE11-2] "Common cold". BMJ Clinical Evidence 2011 (3): 1510. March 2011. PMID 21406124. PMC 3275147. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3275147. "Common colds are defined as upper respiratory tract infections that affect the predominantly nasal part of the respiratory mucosa"

[Eccles2005-3] "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases 5 (11): 718–25. November 2005. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889. PMC 7185637. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7185637.

[4] Eccles p. 26

[5] Eccles p. 129

[6] Eccles p. 50

[7] "Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution". Science 324 (5923): 55–9. April 2009. doi:10.1126/science.1165557. PMID 19213880. PMC 3923423. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3923423.

[ebm-8] 8,0 ^8,1 „Common Cold: Cause“, Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2nd, Springer, 2020 — 504-bet. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_795. ISBN 978-3-030-39901-6.

[9] Eccles p. 107

[Eccles20052-10] "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases 5 (11): 718–25. November 2005. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889. PMC 7185637. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7185637.

[E1-11] Eccles p. 1

[Text2007-12] „Rhinoviruses“, Principles and Practice of Clinical Virology, 6th, John Wiley & Sons, 2009 — 496-bet. ISBN 978-0-470-74139-9.

[CE112-13] "Common cold". BMJ Clinical Evidence 2011 (3): 1510. March 2011. PMID 21406124. PMC 3275147. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3275147. "Common colds are defined as upper respiratory tract infections that affect the predominantly nasal part of the respiratory mucosa"

[AFP07-14] "Treatment of the common cold". American Family Physician 75 (4): 515–20. February 2007. PMID 17323712. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070926230125/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20070215/515.html.

[E78-15] Eccles p. 78

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