George Harrison
George Harrison[nb 1] (talaffuzi: Jorj Xarrison) (25-fevral 1943 – 29-noyabr 2001)[nb 2] – ingliz musiqachisi, qoʻshiqchisi va qoʻshiqnavisi. „The Beatles“ guruhining solo-gitarachisi oʻlaroq xalqaro miqyosda shuhrat qozongan. Ayrim manbalarda „sokin bitl“ deya taʼriflangan Harrison Hindiston madaniyatini qabul qildi va guruh ishlariga hind cholgʻu asboblari hamda hinduiy maʼnaviyatni olib kirib, pop musiqa koʻlamini kengaytirdi[6].
| George Harrison | |
|---|---|
 George Harrison Oq uyda (1974-yil olingan surat) | |
| Tavalludi |
25-fevral 1943-yil Liverpul, Angliya |
| Vafoti |
29-noyabr 2001-yil (58 yoshda) Beverly Hills, AQSH |
| Fuqaroligi | Birlashgan Qirollik |
| Kasbi |
|
| Faoliyat yillari | 1958–2001 |
| Turmush oʻrtogʻi |
|
| Bolalari | Dhani Harrison |
| Otasi | Harold Hargreaves Harrison |
| Onasi | Louise Anne Harrison |
|
Musiqiy faoliyati | |
| Janrlar | |
| Cholgʻular |
|
| Leybllar | |
| Sobiq guruhlari | |
| Veb-sayti | georgeharrison.com |
| Imzosi | |
 | |
Guruhning aksariyat qoʻshiqlari John Lennon va Paul McCartney tomonidan yozilgan boʻlsa-da, 1965-yildan boshlab „The Beatles“ albomlarining aksariyatiga kamida ikkita Harrison kompozitsiyasi kiritildi. Harrison guruh uchun yozgan qoʻshiqlar orasida „Taxman“, „Within You Without You“, „While My Guitar Gently Weeps“, „Here Comes the Sun“ va „Something“ qoʻshiqlari bor. Harrisonning dastlabki musiqiy faoliyatiga George Formby va Django Reinhardt taʼsir koʻrsatgan, keyingi yillarda esa u Carl Perkins, Chet Atkins va Chuck Berry ishlaridan ilhomlangan. 1965-yilga kelib, Bob Dylan va „The Byrds“ guruhi ishlariga boʻlgan qiziqishi tufayli „The Beatles“ guruhini folk-rok yoʻnalishiga olib kirdi. Shuningdek, sitor kabi cholgʻulardan foydalanib, guruh ishlarida hind mumtoz musiqasi mujassamlanishiga turtki boʻldi. Harrison sitor cholgʻusini ilk bor „Help!“ filmini suratga olish jarayonida qoʻlga olgan[7]. „Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)“ qoʻshigʻidan boshlab, bir necha „Beatles“ qoʻshigʻida sitor chalgan. 1967-yilda guruhni transsendental meditatsiyaga olib kirgan Harrison keyinchalik Krishnani tanish xalqaro jamiyati faoliyatiga qiziqa boshladi.
„The Beatles“ tarqalib ketganidan soʻng, Harrison uch qismli „All Things Must Pass“ albomini chiqardi. Tandiqchilar tomonidan yuqori baholangan albomda Harrison slayd-gitara uslubidan keng foydalangan boʻlib, ushbu texnika uning yakkaxon karyerasining oʻziga xos xususiyatiga aylandi, albomga kiritilgan „My Sweet Lord“ qoʻshigʻi esa Harrisonning eng muvaffaqiyatli xitiga aylandi. Harrison, shuningdek, 1971-yilda hind musiqachisi Ravi Shankar bilan Bangladesh uchun konsertni tashkil etdi. Bu keyinchalik tashkil etilgan „Live Aid“ kabi konsertlarning boshlanishi edi. Musiqa va kino prodyuseri oʻlaroq „The Beatles“ guruhining „Apple“ leybli bilan shartnoma imzolagan ijodkorlarga prodyuserlik qildi, 1974-yilda „Dark Horse Records“ leybliga asos soldi. 1978-yilda „HandMade Films“ shirkatiga asos soldi. Shirkatning dastlabki maqsadi „Monty Python“ guruhi rol oʻynagan „The Life of Brian“ (1979) filmini olish boʻlgan.
Harrison yakkaxon ijrochi sifatida bir nechta bozori chaqqon singl va albomlarni chiqardi. 1988-yilda katta muvaffaqiyatlarga erishgan „Traveling Wilburys“ superguruhiga asos soldi. Tinimsiz ijod qilgan Harrison „Badfinger“ guruhi, Ronnie Wood va Billy Preston kabi ijrochilar qoʻshiqlarini yozib olishda mehmon gitarachi oʻlaroq qatnashgan, Dylan, Eric Clapton, Ringo Starr va Tom Petty bilan hamkorlikda qoʻshiqlarni va musiqiy kompozitsiyalarni yozgan. „Rolling Stone“ jurnali 2023-yilda tuzgan barcha davrlarning eng buyuk gitarachilari roʻyxatida Harrison 31-oʻrinni egalladi[8]. Harrison ikki marta Rock and Roll Hall of Fame shuhrat zaliga kiritilgan: 1998-yil „The Beatles“ aʼzosi oʻlaroq, 2004-yilda, yaʼni oʻlimidan keyin yakkaxon ijrochi oʻlaroq[9].
Harrison 1966-yilda model Pattie Boydga uylangan, ammo juftlik 1977-yil ajrashgan. Oradan bir yil oʻtib, Olivia Ariasga uylangan. Ular bir farzand koʻrgan (Dhani). Butun umri davomida tamaki chekkan Harrison 2001-yilda 58 yoshida saraton kasalligidan vafot etdi. Oʻlimidan ikki yil oldin Friar Park Harrisonning uyiga bostirib kirib, uni pichoqlagan, ammo qoʻshiqchi omon qolgan. Harrisonning mayiti krematsiya qilingan, kuli esa hindu anʼanasiga koʻra, Hindistondagi Gang va Jamna daryolariga sochib yuborilgan. Harrisondan qariyb 100 million funt sterling qiymatga ega meros qolgan.
Izohlar
tahrir- ↑ Ayrim manbalarda Harrisonning ikkinchi ismi Harold ekanligi koʻrsatilgan[1], garchi uning tugʻilganlik haqidagi guvohnomasida ikkinchi ismi koʻrsatilmagan boʻlsa-da.
- ↑ Barry Milesga koʻra, Harrison 24-fevral kuni kech soat 11:42 da tugʻilgan[2]. Mark Lewisohnning yozishicha, Harrison 25-fevral kuni tungi soat 12:10 da tugʻilgan va aynan shu sana uning tugʻilganlik haqidagi hamda baptizm guvohnomalarida koʻrsatilgan[3]. Harrison umrining katta qismi davomida 25-fevralda tugʻilgan kunini nishonlagan. 1992-yil „Billboard“ nashriga bergan intervyusida yaqinda 24-fevralda tugʻilganidan xabar topganini taʼkidlagan[4][5].
Manbalar
tahrirSnoskalar
tahrir- ↑ Everett 2001, s. 36; Giuliano & Giuliano 1998, s. 246
- ↑ Miles 2001, s. 6.
- ↑ Lewisohn 2013, ss. 34, 805n11.
- ↑ Anon. (5 December 1992). „This Week in Billboard“ (PDF). Billboard. 5-bet. 22 January 2021da asl nusxadan arxivlandi (PDF) — worldradiohistory.com.
- ↑ Lewisohn 2013, s. 805n11.
- ↑ Gilmore 2002, ss. 34, 36.
- ↑ Schaal, Eric „The First Beatles Song George Harrison Played the Sitar on“ (en-US). Showbiz Cheat Sheet (2019-yil 17-avgust). 2022-yil 30-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 30-noyabr.
- ↑ „The 250 Greatest Guitarists of All Time“. Rolling Stone (ingliz (Amerika)). 13 October 2023. Qaraldi: 14 October 2023.
- ↑ „2015 Rock Hall inductees“. Radio.com. 2014-yil 17-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 16-dekabr.
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